Part I: The Spirit of Mardi Gras

Merrymakers at Shrovetide
Frans Hals (Dutch) ca. 1616–17

Note: To see an introductory page for the project, click HERE

PART ONE:

THE BIRTH OF TI SAINTE

By Rufus Pembroke, (ca. 1824)

Herein I seek to relate the story ofTi Sainte, the Spirit of Mardi Gras, known to the French Creoles as “Petite Sainte,” and the Haitian Creoles as “Ti Sen”  

I have drawn from collected stories of Choctaw, Biloxi, Chitimacha and Natchez elders, journals and documents found in archives of the city of New Orleans, current African slave narratives, songs and lore, neglected or secretive stories told among the Creole and mixed-race free people arriving and living in the city as well as songs and stories from refugees of the recent slave rebellion on San Domingue. 

I have traveled extensively throughout the West Indies, New France, New England and the Gulf Coast regions — as well as up and down the Mississippi River and tributaries.  I have spent many years studying a variety of languages and dialects in order to better understand various cultures, some of which are in danger of being lost forever.  Indeed, many already have.

I have chosen to write of Ti Sainte (“Little saint”) in the form of an epic poem as he deserves an art form commensurate with the subject.  The poem is made up of stanzas of eleven lines made to resemble the French rondelle form.  As Ti-Sainte was born Jean-Baptiste in 1699 to and in a French world, it seems appropriate.  

Much of the story focuses as well on his mother, Marie (Lanmè) Sauvole, (c. 1682-1743) whose exploits as a widowed woman of African descent provide a window into the social structures of colonial France and Spain during this period, but also help to understand the development of the unique culture of French Louisiana and New Orleans.  

Ti Sainte seems to have passed into legend sometime in the middle of the 1700’s. The times presented in the poem circumscribe the era of the discovery and building of French New Orleans, as well as the city of Mobile and the communities of Biloxi and others so important to the settling of the waterways of the Gulf of Mexico, major locales during the seminal years of colonial America. 

While the legend of Ti Sainte continues to live on in the hearts of adults and children alike during the wonderful and mysterious period between Twelfth Night and Ash Wednesday, known variously as ‘Carnivale,’ or the season of Mardi Gras, I think it important to relate this foundational story and clarify once and for all, the life of this now mythical character.

As we know, this religious holiday season comes to us through the pre-Christian days when pagans celebrated the winter solstice as well as looking toward pre-spring fasting due to the lack of stores from the previous harvest.  Nonetheless, the Spirit of Ti Sainte shines with a heavenly, Godly light and brings not just the promise of plenty to come, but of celebrating the virtues of Christ and the wider values of an inclusive world.

And so I give you the Legend of Ti Sainte.  May your Mardi Gras be the grandest and your tables laden with good things.  To Ti Sainte and the joy of Freedom!

Rufus Pembroke.  Mardi Gras Day, 1824

PROLOGUE

Landscape with the Education of Bacchus, 1744
Francesco Zuccarelli (Italian, 1702 – 1778)
Some say Ti Sainte was born long ago,
Before the time of worry and woe
When humans were free from rulers and kings
And cared not for riches, or owning of things
Before there was money, soldiers and slaves
'Fore people paid debts by digging their graves
When all of God’s Children danced by the fires
And worshipped the Heavens through natural spires
When joy followed sadness as dawn does the night
And life a parade of boundless delight
When Freedom was a given and natural right.


The ages since then were metered by Time
Counting the days by the clock’s ringing chime
Empires rose and fell by the score
Never learning from those that came just before
The coins of kings dug from the mines
Paid for their captives and wars of all kinds
Borders were drawn and re-drawn again
As if to hold people beholden within
Forced into tribes all competing for life
Creating a world of anger and strife
Reaping the red harvest of Death’s swinging scythe.






The New World, so called, was so much older
Than nations of Europe who acted much bolder
Planting their flags to claim ancient lands
Lived-in and cared for by original hands
The tribes they encountered held uncounted mysteries
And kept in their minds incredible histories
Shared with the Earth and Nature’s own time
Rose with the sun which moved sublime
Arcing across to set spinning the skies
They named the Heavens, with different eyes
Calling their legends with dancing and cries.
And herein we see even more ancient folks
Brought out of Africa wearing slave yokes
Forced to do labor under new suns
Dying to enrich the greedier ones
Bringing with them all of their ghosts
Spirits released by pillory and posts
Chanting and songs all saving graces
Helping to survive in horrible places
Relying on stories of their queens and kings
Remembering a time of much better things
Hoping for freedom that only God brings.
These stories unwritten use rhythms and rhymes
Seeking a meaning to good and bad times
What we call myths, they called the real
Animal gods with human appeal
Helped every people to yet understand
Their place in the cosmos, in this land
Everyday was another time on this earth
That sacredly honored each death and each birth
So it came to be that on the New World’s old shore
We find the tribes who gathered galore
And brought us this origin story of yore.
To this world came all those seeking better
Lives for the future from the pasts ruled by letter
Conscripted to journeys which took them away
From everyone known, where they couldn't stay
Shiploads of migrants, settlers and convicts
Pirates and traders, priests and heretics
Crossing the oceans and floating down rivers
Living on luck and rich promise givers
Many were soldiers and sailors with orders
To keep watchful eyes on the wealth of the hoarders
To draw and fight for newly mapped borders.
It took the colors of human experience
To paint the One who created deliverance
From the cold Winter, the quickening night
The crack of a whip, the gathering fright
Marrying ancient ways with others thought best
Finding new riches in life's treasure chest
By knowing the shadows as ephemeral evidence
A reminder of one’s own physical presence
Ti Sainte was given form on this Earth
To bring about joy where there’s a dearth
And so we come now to his sacred birth.

Shipping in a Calm at Flushing with a States General Yacht Firing a Salute
1649, Jan van de Cappelle (Dutch, 1626 – 1679)


PART I: Ti Sainte is Born


The Life of Lanmè

Mummy Portrait, A.D. 75–100 Malibu Painter (Romano-Egyptian, active 75 – 100)

Pirates and Indians

The story, the myth, the legend I write
Begins on an almost forgotten night.
A few Indians knew what planets aligned
The third day of March, sixteen ninety-nine.
For the great Ti Sainte, under a cold crescent moon
This night would be born, not a moment too soon.
Though his life would prove to be a balm.
His coming into the world was not to be calm.
The joyous life that begat such celebration
Was begun in a moment of panicked desperation
Across a great gulf from his mother's home nation.

Lanmè, once a slave, ran heavy with child
And hid in the river cane, eyes looking wild
Torches came after her, searching the shore
To catch her up and the infant she bore.
The stiff dried reeds scratched at her skin
Her lungs felt as if she was burning within
As she sought a way free, her eyes became clear
But the voices of the men came ever near.
She knew their leader and feared him the most
She couldn't believe he had come to this coast
Only driven by vanity and boast.
The searchers were led by Benjamin Long
Who’d made himself rich doing things wrong
He wanted the woman and her unborn
He claimed as his property, she was forsworn
Her husband had promised to be home soon,
Though he was leagues away, 'neath the same moon.
Long saw his chance, imagine her fright
As he sought to capture her this very night
Her tracks disappeared right into a thicket
The men surrounded her like a picket
She was trapped, only sound were the crickets.
Dance before a Fountain, by 1724 Nicolas Lancret (French, 1690 – 1743)
Hoping to flush her out of the mire
They lit her bayou cane refuge afire
The heavy, chilled air filled with the smoke
Forcing her back so she wouldn’t choke
Coughing, panicked she felt a sharp pain
More quickly it came, again and again
As any due mother does free or forlorn
She knew her baby soon would be born
But born a slave she would not allow
No matter the cost, no matter the how
She only knew it was coming right now.
Unsure what to do, she felt so alone
She drew the small knife with handle of bone
Birth pains ravaged her body and mind
With flames in front and water behind
She fought desperation as it were the Devil
But somehow her mind sought a new level
She thought the baby not due quite yet
She hoped that the moment of pain would relent
But as if to reply the pains came faster
She cried out to heaven, where lives this world's Master
'This world is for you,' came the silent answer.

The crackling flames forced her into the water
The icy cold river caused her to falter
Feet planted in mud she focused her mind
Then felt a strong Spirit join her in kind
Sensations unknown then shook her whole soul
Life began a retreat, the pain took its toll
This moment she could see as if looking down
At herself in the water starting to drown
But calm held her heart, she was the Life Giver
Her whole body strained with one mighty shiver
From her the baby burst into the river.
Apparition, about 1880–1890 Odilon Redon (French, 1840 – 1916)


As she lifted him out of the water
Thinking no more of the men who now sought her
She stared at the baby, with wondering eyes
Laughing with joy at his sudden loud cries
Then sounds like gunshots exploded the night
She drew the child close eyes wide with fright
The three pirates also froze at the sounds
Another and another, like a volley of rounds
Thinking they were now under attack
The men looked around and then stumbled back
When they saw some Indians rush up in a pack.

Lanmè struggled to gain the near shore
For strength in her legs she cried out for more.
As she stepped through muck up to the edge
She stumbled, then found a steady ledge
The heat from the fire, explosions all 'round
Triumphant she reached to find solid ground
The infant in one hand, the knife in the other
She knew what to do now she was a mother
She tended to births since just a young one
Her knife cut the lifeline connecting her son.
Tip of burnt cane seared the umbilicus, well done.
The Indian men had come on the run
They knew the sounds were not from a gun
But that of the river cane when it's on fire
The scene they encountered like a funeral pyre
Pascagoula braves, to Long were unknown
The pirate chose discretion than valor alone.
“See you again!” Long yelled and then fled.
“I’ll catch you some day, or you'll be dead!”
Astonished as the Indians there then became
Imagine their wonder when out from the canes
A wild woman burst right through the flames!

Lengua Medicine Man with Two Warriors
1854/1869 George Catlin
American, 1796 – 1872
Smoke from her singed hair swirled all around
Her eyes were ablaze, a fierce raging sound
Her scream of defiance sent them reeling in fright
They backed away quickly from the hot light.
Protecting her newborn she started to sway
Her body and mind finally gave way
Sinking to her knees, now away from harm
She revealed then, a babe in her arm.
The Indians crept forward with reverent awe,
To see for certain what they saw,
A golden-haired baby born on Mardi Gras.

Mending and Memory






Lanmè awoke as if from a dream
To find herself warmed by an early sunbeam
Around her were women smiling, impressed
Her baby suckling calmly at her breast
The ceiling above was woven thatch hut
Woozy she rose and weakly asked, “What?”
Were they doing? Where was she now?"
One pressed damp cloth soft to her brow
Gave her herb tea in a woven cup,
Holding her gently so she wouldn’t get up
She fell back exhausted, nursing her pup.
Enthroned Madonna and Child c. 1250/1275 Byzantine

She thought of her husband, Antoine Sauvole,
And wished he was here, body and soul
To see his new son, breathing in life
To hold him, and her, his devoted wife
She felt so abandoned, a hopeless emotion
Knowing this life across the wide ocean
Was meant to be lived one moment to next
And how to survive not yet rendered in text
She knew that to live was to improvise
Trust in tradition but embrace surprise
Know to be smart but try to be wise.

And so as she watched the Indian maids
Patiently tying her hair into braids
Humming soft lullabies ancient as stone
Letting her know she wasn't alone
That there was a wordless deep sisterhood
That every woman in kind understood
She would be safe as would her son
Until the joyful reunion
For now she simply hoped for the best
That Antoine her love was safely blessed
And what she needed most was some rest.

Meanwhile, fifty or so leagues away
Sauvole and Bienville were enjoying the day
The mouth of the Big River at last they had found
Heading further up, they sought to sound
Channels and sand bars hoping to show
A route upriver against its great flow,
To claim for King this native-ruled land
To open up commerce just as they planned
To celebrate their achievement so they saw
Declaring by right and by regal law
They named the place Point du Mardi Gras.

Sir Guyon with the Palmer Attending, Tempted by Phaedria to Land upon the Enchanted Islands,
1849 Samuel Palmer (English, 1805 – 1881)
The World thus changed on this olden day
When that French ship found the new way
The River’s mouth would tell the world
The conqu’ring French banner now flew unfurled
No more would Indians own their land
Sharing in Nature’s bounty with reverent hand
Modern Man had found the hidden source
The Ancient River again revealed its course
And though the Frenchmen then sailed away
They would return with even more someday
Hoping to bring the world to bay.




But, for now, all was at Peace
A mother and child lay in warm fleece
While the Indians spoke of myriad signs
Of what to make of God’s designs
The strange looking woman, the smiling boy
Whose curly locks caused pangs of joy
Tradition required that they take her in
Her golden child would be an Indian
For that was their way, always would
Caring for others much as they could
All were free, just as they should.



After a time, she woke with a start
She must bless her child to know Jesus’ heart
The life of him, she thought, must have reason
Since his first birthday started Lent season
A Mardi Gras birth brought great renown
This day was to remember the ground
To which we’d return when we died
In Haitian Creole, “Sann Mekredi!”* she cried
         *Ash Wednesday
She reached to the fire burning nearby
Taking up ashes "Ti sen mwen an,"* she sighed
        *My little saint
And rubbed a small cross above his wide eyes.
For days, they nursed, mother and child
Soon she felt strong and ventured outside
This strange world she saw that long ago day
Was old as humans made from clay
Women were busy with children and plants
Men fixed arrows in long leather pants
Houses of plaster grew solid around
A center, where all gathered on common ground.
They sang their hearts into the sky
And danced with children 'til bye and bye
Joy was eternal with no reason why.
The scene took her to forgotten days
Mixed up emotions of terror and praise.
Raised a slave in a large home
Her mother a servant, unable to roam
As a child she always felt truly free
As the happy blanc children back in San Domingue
She had no father, but there was a Man
Who seemed to prefer her, to not raise a hand
Ma jolie!”* he called, “Mon petite precieux.”*
*my pretty       *My little precious
Though her mother held tight and would not let her go
This strong embrace someday she would know.

Her darker-skinned mother, taught her a tongue
A soft secret language so common among
Servants and workers who filled all the spaces
And did all the work with solemn dark faces
“Lanmè, Fi MWEN,”* her mother held tight
    *You’re MINE
As they laid in bed every night
Sometimes the Man called for her mother
Solemnly, she would rise, tuck in the cover
But always later she would quietly return
Bathing herself from the bed table urn
Thus the safety of Lanmè she earned.


Diego Pignatelli d’Aragona (1687–1750)
and an Enslaved Servant
Francesco Solimena (Italian) 1731 or 1732

Love and Loss


As Lanmè grew older, her world quickly changed
From one familiar to one so estranged.
Blanc children played their games without cease
While she was tasked with scrubbing out grease
Helping the women who prepared the foods
Serving the tables of planters and broods.
She worked in the kitchen from dawn until dusk
Seeing her playmates begin to be brusque
A discovery of differences began to relate
A terrible world she was told did await
Where the color of skin decided your fate.

Still Life with Fish, Vegetables, Gougères, Pots, and Cruets on a Table
1769 Jean-Siméon Chardin (French, 1699 – 1779)
The women of the kitchens shouted reveilees
And spoke of Africa over the seas
Of lost grandeur, of kings and queens
Of colorful pageants, gold, purples and greens
Speaking languages that each could not know
Forced to create one together to show
They shared the hardships of this land
Sugar cane, indigo, reaped with black hands
Yearly she grew in shadows of stoves
Pantries with shelves and ovens of loaves
She learned about spices, anise and cloves.

Yet she found love amidst all the strife
The blanc boy, Antoine, she’d known all her life
With this friend, she’d played for years
Shared in the laughter, dried each’s tears
His father, they knew, traveled the seas
Engaged in commerce on islands like these
Antoine's mother had died of a fever
A noir woman raised him, afraid was he to leave her
But as he grew older he started to roam
Seeing the world outside as his home
And Lanmè as more than playmate alone.

Whenever together they found a shared soul
A deep understanding that they were one whole
His wavy blonde hair and sea-deep blue eyes
Filled her with a longing she soon realized.
As the two friends began to grow older
Friendship turned to love, actions grew bolder
Though the weight of her toil held her in place
Her heart found its wings to see his sweet face.
One warm, sultry night they traveled once more
Hand holding hand they stood on the shore
And shared a mystery of passions in store.

Dreaming of these moments in consummate bliss
Of love, she knew: it was surely this
In this New World he and she
When married then together both would be free
The two then made a marvelous plan
They’d confess their love to the Man
He’d be joyous and embrace them both
And plan the day when they’d betroth
Parties they’d have, the dances they’d share
The coming marriage of such a grand pair
And she would be Madame Antoine Auclair!

The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis, 1818 Jacques-Louis David (French, 1748 – 1825)
But reality struck as it does evermore
After a night spent on the shore
Dreaming of her lover while washing the dishes
Asking her God to grant her the wishes
To marry this man, spend her whole life
Making them happy, escape from the strife
When suddenly into the kitchen he rushed
His manner was anger, his face was red-flushed.
He held her tightly, said “Please forgive me.
My father has discovered our sweet reverie
And is thus sending me into a life on the sea!”


And within days, the curse became real
Her Antoine forbidden from even to steal
A few sacred moments to say his goodbye
Only a lonely girl just wondering why
She was prevented from being on shore
To wave him farewell, wanting much more
Yet through his love he found a way
To reach her heart, have a final say
A note delivered, stained with his tears
“Do not forget, no matter the years
“I’ll find you again, forget all your fears.”

Lanmè was stricken by a terrible sadness
She wept and wailed almost to madness
Her mother sought help from African friends
Who knew how many met similar ends
Captured, in chains, they died on the sea
Swam for their lives to set themselves free
The boundless deep ocean swallowed them whole
With nary a wave to remember their soul
This life was a curse, a living nightmare
She’d have to endure to live anywhere
The only Truth is life is unfair.
She visited a priestess among the enslaved
And asked how her love could ever be saved
The seer went silent and gathered some stones
Cooked them with herbs and two sacred bones
She lit some candles and waved them around
Called to the sky and fell to the ground
When she came out of the moaning trance
Piti mwen an”* there is still a chance
* my little one
Lanmè cried joyously, “Can you tell me when?”
The priestess said, "No, just know until then
You will have to endure the lost world of men.”

She continued, “I must relate once in my vision
Another sight I cannot state with precision.
But what I saw most clearly of all:
A wonderfully rich society ball!
With you at the center, covered in pearls
Dancing around a boy in gold curls
Merriment, music and laughter all about
The masquerade crowd erupts a great shout
The boy spins a web of magic delight
The crowd caught within dances in light
And echoes of music ring through the night."
A Masked Ball in Bohemia Attributed to Andreas Altomonte (Austrian) ca. 1748
Lanmè, ecstatic ran home in the rain
Relieved that the vision erased some of the pain
For surely the boy was her beloved Antoine
And someday they would be two become one
Dancing in joyous freedom, life without care.
She wanted to see him, and joyfully share
But for now he was gone, she'd have to remain strong
And hope his return would not take so long
Until then she would be loving and true
Keep her heart pure, a deep sea of blue
His promise was real she certainly knew.
A Young Girl Defending Herself against Love (1880) William-Adolphe Bouguereau (French, 1825 – 1905) The J. Paul Getty Museum
She remembered his devotion, even as she cooked
And grew into womanhood 'til other men looked
They wanted her, saying “Come jump the broom!”
She sent them away, her love would come soon
She spent all the sunsets watching the shore
Excited by every ship that would moor.
Two years passed as she waited for him
She wanted to simply jump in and swim
To go wherever her true love now sailed
She felt so forgotten and silently bewailed
Her soul was imprisoned, her hardening heart jailed.
The Signal, 1899 John William Godward (British, 1861 – 1922) The J. Paul Getty Museum

Reunion and Hiding

One solemn day, the sky before bed
Revealed a sunset which turned a deep red
Lanmè knew better than believe in portent
She seen enough sunsets result in lament
But the very next day from clear blue skies
Came a knock at the kitchen and Antoine's blue eyes!
Quiet cries of rejoicing were shushed for the moment
That joy was tremendous does not deserve comment
"Mon amour! Is this real? Am I still dreaming?
Am I in a swoon, only just seeming?
To hold you and look into your blue eyes gleaming?"



“I’ll tell you much more once we are free
But as for this moment you must follow me
I’ve crossed the wide ocean to come back to you
And tell you myself what we’re to do.
I have but a month to get you in hiding
In a safe place where we’ll do some biding.
I’ll get to your mother and tell her my plan
She’ll help us avoid being seen by the Man.”
Antoine kissed her, then, “Fly we must.
There’s no time to spare, gathering dust
The way is clear, in Love we must trust.”

Her mind was a muddle, her dreams had come true
And yet an ill-boding was all that she knew
Sometimes the world sweeps one along like a river
Floating upon it like a small wooden sliver
And then there are presented monumental decisions
That often bring on clarified visions
In this long moment was a dread she could feel
While reveling in the fact that it was all real.
She took a deep breath and leapt in his arms
She cared not for doubts or sacred old charms
She only knew here was where her heart warms.
She gathered up quickly what little she owned
And bade a silent goodbye to her home
She left a small note scribbled in red
And tucked it into her mother's bed.
'Antoine is here and we can't be caught
I'll return soon, just as I ought.'
Antoine urged her then, "We must hide away
The home of a pirate is where we will stay.
Port-de-Paix, for now, must be our home
Midst pirates and brigands we'll hide on our own
Laurent De Graff is our savior alone."

In this vast world of pirates and wars
Where men crossed oceans to settle their scores
Word traveled fast, carried by winds
Established reputations, reveled in sins
The sea battles won, or lost as may be
Were adorned with songs which cried victory
The pirate De Graff thrived in this world
Though Dutch of birth, his was a French flag unfurled
Throughout his career he'd fought for San Domingue
In this island's service he would long remain
And pass into its history, now a Haitian domain.

Though mysteries of our story are more than what's known
That De Graff helped Antoine will hereby be shown
He'd seen Antoine grow through his early years
Sailing with the boy's father as free buccaneers
He'd known of the young man's forbidden romance
When he spied the two lovers escaping a dance
Where the planters' children practiced their graces
Amidst all the polished and powdered white faces
He watched as Antoine moved next to a girl
Who stood in the shadows of the society swirl
And reached a brown hand to touch his gold curls.


De Graff was no stranger to the power of love
A romantic he fancied himself, quite above
The sword fights and cannons with which he found fame
He saw in love a much worthier game
And so when he learned of Antoine's exile
He vowed to Antoine to watch over her while
The boy became man upon the wild ocean
As love was the last truly mysterious emotion
He arranged a place for the lovers to hide
In Port-de-Paix where they could abide
And wait for the inevitable change of the tide.


The Entrance to the Grotto at Posillipo (1750) Claude-Joseph Vernet (French, 1714 – 1789) The J. Paul Getty Museum

In that wild town they bided their time
Hiding their love as if it were a crime
Antoine had gone to his father to say
That he had served well and would return on this day
To claim what was his, his bride and his life
He'd marry a slave girl and make her his wife
French laws allowed for the freedom of love
The wide world was changing by God up above
But the pettiness of men yet ruled greedy hearts
His father still wished to keep them apart,
To end their marriage before it could start.

New Lives and New Names

So now the two lovers, instead of renown
Were forced to lay low where they wouldn't be found
Just on the coast of their grand might-have-beens
They bided their time in innocent sins
Lanmè looked longingly back toward the shore
Where she knew her mother toiled evermore
"I wish she'd have seen us happy together.
To make her stormy life easier to weather."
Antoine reassured her, "She knows where we stand.
I went straight to her as soon as I made land
And she nodded with joy when I asked for your hand."
One soft quiet morning as they lay abed
Antoine woke Lanmè caressing her head
"My love, said Antoine, "I must now come clean."
My promises to you are not what they seem."
Awakened, distressed, Lanmè was stricken
"What do you mean?" She felt her heart quicken.
"You must know my father has cursed our sweet union
He'll even cause the church to refuse our communion.
So I've taken measures, I've taken a new tack
Through unchartered waters, our resolve cannot lack.
I've now set our course and there's no going back."
She watched his face now, as he rose to the dawn
And saw the hard lines, salt and wind drawn
"My love," said she, "Where you go, so will I.
"I trust in your plans, look me in the eye!"
His focus upon her, she watched his eyes soften.
"Our love is a gift that doesn't come often.
I care not for mansions and church approbation
We don't need society's rank elevation.
What we have, one cannot buy or even borrow,
And only your absence pays me in sorrow.
Together is how we will find our tomorrow."
The Father’s Curse: The Ungrateful Son (1778) Jean-Baptiste Greuze (French, 1725 – 1805) The J. Paul Getty Museum
He pulled out some papers then placed in her hands.
Silent he waited, watching her scan
At first she seemed baffled, "What does this mean?"
"Who is this person who shares your first name?"
Only then did his earnest demeanor break
He held her close, she felt his hands shake.
"For these several years I've lived a long lie,
You know well as I the who and the why.
In order to live as free as I could.
I had to relinquish my name for good.
And now I must ask you the same if you would."
"In order to find a gallant new role
I changed my name to Antoine Sauvole.
We must not reveal the life we once knew
Lest both of us risk our fates to renew."
He drew then a document and put it to flame
From now on Lanmè can not be your name.
This parchment I took from your master’s desk
Found among papers well worth the risk
Now burns to ashes, now lost to the sea
Just as your name must now be 'Marie.'
They'll know you as a woman born to be free."

Said Lanmè “What a lovely name is that,
Why Sieur Sauvole, you’ll need a hat,
As for me I can surely see
The power in the name Marie.
Though Lanmè is what I'll want to hear
Whenever your closest to my ear.”
“And so shall be my dearest one
Marie you'll be when in the sun
But when the night gives us our rest
I'll speak the name I love the best
And hold you in our loving nest.”
He laughed again at her sweet japes
And gathered sheets to make them capes
“I’ll be a captain of the sea
And call the dance when I’m with thee
We will entertain the swellest of swells
And cause the ringing of the bells
But I will promise if you please
You’ll live a life of rest and ease
I’ll build for you a great big home
With servants so you won’t be alone
While ‘cross the world I have to roam.”
This last line then made her sigh
She watched the color of the sky
The soughing of the wind and waves
Transported her to island caves
Where she and Antoine had been close
Strong deep emotions like the waves arose
She turned to him with tears up-welled
To her breast his hands she held
“I need a promise made by thee
You will one day leave the sea
Loving evermore to stay home with me.”
He held her close and gently said,
“I’ll always wish for our sweet bed.
Trust in me, I will never stray
We’ll have a home one fine day
That we can call our very own 
With children dancing on every stone
I need to find a new position
Something with a noble mission
But first we’ll build a sacred place
A room to stay, a secret space
And leave our lives without a trace.”

And so face-to-face, Antoine and his love
Discovered soft moments, a sweet treasure trove
Jewels of passionate memories made
Gold intimate feelings smoother than jade
Words of soft silver with rubies inlaid
Polished gold whispers that never would fade
Rolling out emeralds and diamonds of sound
'Til pearls of new wisdom spilled all around
The wealth of true love was on full display
As they reveled in riches by night and by day
Creating the Jewel to whose homage we pay.
Mars and Venus, Allegory of Peace (1770)
Louis Jean François Lagrenée (French, 1725 – 1805)
The J. Paul Getty Museum
A few weeks, no more, they spent in their nest
Using their time as young lovers know best
Until one warm day while Lanmè dreamed more
Antoine rushed back from watching the shore.
"It is time my love for me to depart.
But plans are in motion so you need to take heart
I must leave too soon to sail back to France
But in months I'll return, when we'll surely dance."
She knew by his face and the tears in his eyes
That he was in earnest and lacking in lies
"You'll stay hidden here in servant girl guise."

Rapture and Capture

Antoine sailed the next day at dawn
It took her some days to know he was gone
To convince her self that he'd really been here
That his promised return ever grew near.
She busied herself as she worked the Plan
While she endeavored to hide from the Man
She hid in plain sight, so no one would know.
But then came surprise when her blood didn't show.
She as a woman knew what this meant
A child would be coming and, while Heaven sent,
The future arrival she could not prevent.
Each day she wondered and watched for his ship
Each night she felt herself heavier at hip
She also knew talk was moving around
She felt it when shops would empty of sound
Whispered dark rumors and thin jealous minds
Weaker resolves at opportune times
The world became one single holding of breath
Awaiting new air or a fall into death.
The clock wound a tightened ticking suspension
The moments between, taught with new tension
'Til the moment to break came from casual mention.

Laurent De Graff, though a sworn benefactor
Could not always count on himself as an actor
He had to rely on extended connections
And hope that sweet words a worthy confection
Trust is a concept more like an emotion
Whose opposite other is deceit and corruption
His dealings, after all, were made with tight grins
Which disappeared as soon as the bargain begins
He did what he could, he could not do more
He could not be seen haunting her door.
Lest ill-intended rumors like bookworms bore.
Once Antoine went off to the sea
His father became sick and sent off a plea
To Lanmè's master that she be sold
Before Antoine returned, feeling more bold
Wanting to marry this brown-eyed slave girl
And darken the future of his family's world
The Man then boasted himself as the sire
And let it be known he'd search for a buyer
Intending to sell her away from his ken
To live in a world of anonymous men
Never to hear of her fate again.
How could this be you wonder aloud?
That a father of a beauty couldn't be proud
But instead saw his duty to society's laws
And rushed to protect his absentee boss
Callously adhering to France's Code Noir
Which ruled on the products of the master's boudoir
A slave mother's child was born wearing chains
Allowing slave masters capital gains
Thus even the tropics could turn hearts to ice
Engaging such trade without thinking twice
The only conundrum was what's the best price.
The Man's first ruse was to make known
That Antoine had perished, all alone
The news came down from a forged letter
That an English pirate had been the better
On Antoine's journey back to France
He'd lost a desperate bloody dance
His body flung out to the sea
The heir of a fortune not to be
And when her mother had been convinced
She was tasked with its deliverance
As Lanmè lived in blissful ignorance.


The Man then arranged for Lanmè to be sold
A treacherous heart never so cold
He'd threatened her mother with life in the field
While he'd force her young virgin daughter to yield
Her mother thus trapped by the master's designs
Knew that she'd be better resigned
To gamble her fate placed in God's hands
And hope for a freedom in some other lands
The Man had only to find Lanmè
Not so difficult, safe to say
For her location he had but to pay.

While Lanmè dreamed of Antoine's return
The Man's cold wheels continued to turn.
He waited until De Graff sailed out of the bay
And sent some rough men to take her away.
"I own you, you see, you haven’t a choice
My daughter, my slave, why can’t you rejoice?
But as I can see I am losing control
I’m forced to remind you of your proper roll
Today is your last on this island, your home
For your sin you must now atone
So go to your mother and return all alone."
Her mother dismayed, fell in a swoon
When she knew Lanmè would have to leave soon
"But now I'm with child, couldn't I stay?
Antoine will come back one lucky day!
We can then marry, finally free
You will come with us, happy we'll be!"
But more was the tragedy, her mother now saw
That Lanmè thought her fantasy world above law
She held her arms with hands strong from work
Shook her awake with a violent jerk
"You must not let shadows of dreams evilly lurk."

"My dearest loving girl of mine
You will know the truth in time
That Antoine has been lost at sea
And now you must be lost to me."
She showed the letter to Lanmè
Who screamed defiance, "How can you say?"
Her grief took away her last strength,
She wept for days but then at length
The time to be sold was ever pressing.
The life inside her, the only blessing.
Her mother taught a final lesson.

"The Master of our world has iron hands
Made to sign papers that rule all the lands
The flimsiest tissues, envy and wrath
Make up the signposts that guide our long path.
Our dreams are but kindling to their burning desires
They throw in the pit of their torturous fires.
Our lives are phantoms that haunt their nights
'Til morning sun rays chase away their frights.
Those of us living do so by trading
Our dignity, self and pride, ever fading
When we see our names on their bills of lading."
"So now comes a glimmer of hope, just a chance
That you will escape this long macabre dance."
Her mother brought out a white linen dress
And talked while brushing out a long tress
Sad but determined, her mother made clear
Another man’s desire would soon be here
She had but few moments to help her see
Antoine could no longer help her be free.
Only by going with this unknown man
Could she find a freedom from this lost island
She cried and held tightly to her mother’s hand.

"But what of my child? Of my little one?
Isn't there someplace safe I can run"?
"Don't you see?" Her mother wept.
That this secret has not been kept?
He knows of your romantic condition
This is an act that will bring him perdition
Nonetheless, he's acting in a fashion
That ignores your love and abiding passion
The world of les blancs is perpetually vexed
They quote from the Bible but ignore the text.
We live in this world but for the next."

"I cannot do it, I'd rather perish
Than be with a stranger 'stead of whom I cherish
This life is a nightmare, I must soon awake!
I'm feeling but shattered, look how I quake!"
Her mother held her as if to keep her together
Hoping to give her mind some tether
"My beauty, my daughter, my amazing grace
Let me but look on your loving face.
You must take heart now and Faith you need trust
That angels watch over, be strong as you must
Your child at least comes from love and not lust."
“So now!” Mother shouted “You’ll do as I say!
Unless you think it better to stay
To labor ’til death in the hot kitchens
Enduring the desires of slave master wishes
Doorways creak open but once in a life
You must flee now as quick as a knife."
And with that she slipped her a small gleaming blade
A worn bone handle, so carefully made.
"This will protect you when you're all alone.
A woman’s body is rarely her own
In this men’s world, the only you’ve known."
Parau na te Varua ino (Words of the Devil) 1892 Paul Gauguin (French) 1848 – 1903 National Gallery of Art
"But what about God and what about faith?
Believing in mercy, power and grace?"
"The Mystery is ours to try to unravel
For those who are blessed, in bliss they do travel
It is the meek who are told they'll inherit
A mad broken world, we'll be tasked to repair it!
Faith in a Plan is all we are given
By a God who made Man whose family is riven
His power is not in those with great wealth
Nor shown by the strength of those in great health
But hidden in hearts that suffer in stealth."

"I'll pray for you so my beautiful one
That someday you'll live under freedom's warm sun
For here the hot rays only serve to beat down
The bodies and souls chained to this ground
Your love is but a delicate rose
Whose thorns have pricked the thin skins of those
Who desire great wealth and power to wield
Expecting even their children to yield
And though it may seem that you're sacrificial
I hope you'll forgive me when this is official
And know that you are my sacred missal."

Sale and Sail

The Man ushered her into the study
Where sat another man, sea-worn and ruddy
“Monsieur Long, may I present to you
Ma petite fille jolie, ma petite precieux.
My little pretty girl,   my little precious
Grinning, Long grunted and nodded his head
Reached out his hand, “Closer” he said.
Shaking, she stepped, once and then twice
His hand touched hers, burning like ice
His eyes stared up at her, dark as a flue
His hair was greased back, a gray-blackened hue
He smelled of tobacco, the inside of a shoe.
Old Man
Rembrandt

"Why, by God's wounds, she's an uncommon beauty!
I'll have to stay healthy to do a man's duty."
He heaved a rough cough and rolled a red eye.
The Man smiled a little and let out a sigh.
"You'll have your hands full that's to be sure.
But don't think this lovely young lass to be pure.
I'll be quite relieved when she's off my hands.
I'll sleep better nights with her in far lands.
Just make me a promise, I'd rather you swore
That once you are gone I will see her no more."
His staring eyes darkened like the closing of a door.

“I’ll take her!” Long laughed, pursing his lips.
Leaning further forward he grabbed at her hips
Her mind froze in panic, this couldn’t be real
To be handed over without an appeal!
"Why if I'm correct this girl is with child
She seems so innocent yet she is wild!"
She pulled back in shock but held a calm face
Long just chuckled and released his embrace
“Seems I am getting a bargain today
One lovely slave girl and one tucked away.
The price of this package I'm happy to pay!"
The Man cleared his throat, "I had no idea!"
He stared at her darkly, "I'll need some more guinea."
"Fine!" Laughed the pirate, "more gold I don't need."
"But then again, I'll have more mouths to feed."
"You know these doubloons are mined in dark nations.
Where coins of the realm can buy new relations."
"Well," said the Man, "If true she's with child.
Then this as a bargain is easily styled.
I'll surely be happy to unload this trouble.
And so I don't think you need to pay double.
But take care yourself not to pop that young bubble.

Their laughter erupted, her frightened mind reeled
She felt herself falling, embattled without shield
Alone with these men deciding her fate
As if she was nothing but food on a plate.
She fingered the knife, her hands shook with rage
She thought now's the moment to turn a new page
But her mother's voice came to her calm in her ear
Courage is only proved amid fear.
She held then as still as e'er she had
Told herself things would ne'er be so bad
And her unborn child would ne'er be so sad.
Interior with Soldiers and Women, about 1650 Jacob Duck (Dutch, about 1600 – 1667) The J. Paul Getty Museum

On a signed parchment, red wax sealed her fate.
The two men shook hands, “Let’s celebrate!”
Shackled and marched straight out to the pier
Lanmè fell headlong into consuming fear
Unable to say goodbye to her mother
She saw through her tears that there were others
To understand now that one is a chattel
Nothing more to them than two-legged cattle
'Twas only when Long returned from the shore
That he let her know she was much more
He'd make her his own enslaved paramour.
"You must have made a deal with the devil
And lived your life well out of level
For the man who sold you, enslaves your mother
If he has a son, then that boy would be your brother.
I'd try to untangle it but I've had too much rum
All that I know is with me you must come.
You'll have a new life out on the sea
You'll find a way to compensate me
For now, to be sure, I have a new vision
To take my advantage of nations' division
And acquiring you was an easy decision."

We're setting sail for colonies West
At plying these seas, the Spanish are best
But now come the English to clash with the French
And I'll capture booty with my comely wench
So gladden your heart, legends we'll be
And when your belly pops, why then we'll be three!
And no matter what flag a ship has unfurled
They soon find out it's a true pirate's world.
From old San Domingue to golden Vera Cruz
Round and round we go, never to lose
And when the French settle, I'll light a cannon fuse!"

A Soldier Smoking a Pipe c. 1657/1658
Frans van Mieris Dutch, 1635 – 1681 ww.nga.com
With that he was gone, returned to the deck
Leaving her alone and feeling quite sick.
Panic now gripped her as never before
And yet a calmness held her the more
She knew that to live she must make a home
Wherever she found herself, even alone.
She told herself not to be overwhelmed
That Long had to spend this time at the helm
Until he returned she'd have time to think
And plan her escape, maybe poison to drink!
Rubbing her belly brought her back from the brink.

Resolve and Reunion

Drowsing now on that Spring sunshine day
Watching the Indian children in their play
Touching the gold curls of her brown baby boy
His purple-green eyes of adoring young joy
She wondered at life’s strange winding road
Oceans and lands never dreamed she’d behold
How the pirate had taken her away
As she suffered the sea’s sick’ning sway
How this nightmare caused her to swoon
When came good fortune, none too soon
Life rose from darkness to sunshine at noon.
The ship she boarded had just sailed away
She'd waved to manman on the shore of the bay.
The last time to see her, she knew it to be
A prison of grief, but yet to be free.
Captain Benjamin Long had her delivered below
He gave her new clothes as if to show
He was a man of significant wealth
Still carrying on, the picture of health.
But this her first journey aboard a ship
Waves of nausea plagued her trip
She couldn’t eat and water, only sip.

How base was her life, how lost!
She stared at the waves, how tossed,
And felt herself drawn, closer than daring
To leap into the sea, nevermore caring
But the hope of a mother held her fast
She'd seek a new future and forget the past
Days brought them farther away from her home
She began to accept a life borne alone
Benjamin Long only laughed at her state
“It shall pass, sooner or late.”
“As my slave, to be my woman is your fate.”




Amsterdam, Ships at the IJ on Choppy Water Jan van Call, Johan Teylerc. 1685-1697
While they sailed, she kept him at bay 
Sick through the night, asleep all the day
"Soon we'll be anchored, a port in the storm
Where we'll find a way to keep this bed warm
You'll see that a good husband I'll be
Gifts you will have from across every sea
See how I've rescued you from your slavery
One day you'll recognize my true bravery."
Yet she just smiled and pushed him away"
Get to your helm before we lose our way."
He roared with a laugh, "I do hope you'll stay!"
The ship blown thus by portentous winds
To Port Royal, where forts built by pirates' sins
By an earthquake had been brought down
Where now ghosts of buried souls abound
Yet here the calm waters gave Lanmè rest
Long brought for her a new wedding dress
Her outward beauty hid all the fears
The veil she wore hid all the tears
And they were wed without her consent
A sham shipboard marriage, a silent assent
To his room below she was quickly sent.

Pacing below she heard them singing
Drunken revelry, her ears began ringing
This nightmare had but just begun
And already she knew she’d have to run
She’d not concede to this grim fate
She’d not resign to such a state
That she would die was now a choice
Of this cold truth she could rejoice
She knew that the time had come for the test
She'd hidden a secret her mother knew best
She held the bone handle 'neath beating breast.



The singing died out, heart pounding she waited
The drunken old pirate finally sated
Now she’d have to take her stand
With violent fury, kill a man!
To find this power one must give
Away the will to ever live
And so she faced her toughest test
With the dagger hid behind her white dress
Then voices erupted with loud commands
Her blood raced from her heart’s demands
She gripped the knife with angry hands.

Lucretia (1627) Artemisia Gentileschi (Italian, 1593 – after 1654) The J. Paul Getty Museum

But as she fought away her fright
She heard erupt a desperate fight
A clatter of voices, shouted curse words
The stamping of feet, clashing of swords
Then footsteps to her door drew near
Lanmè wondered what monster would appear
The door kicked open, now there a face
She couldn’t believe it, rooted in place
She dropped the knife, to her he flew.
“Lanmè!” He shouted “I’ve found you!”
“My Antoine? Is this really true?”




An English Warship Firing a Salute (1673) Willem van de Velde the Younger Dutch, 1633 – 1707 National Gallery of Art
She thought him a ghost from some ocean-borne fever 
Then realized the Man had tried to deceive her
"I thought you'd been murdered out on the seas!
And now I see the treacherous ease
With which those who wish us ill
Can seek out our young dreams to kill."
"My love" he said, "How all became clear
When I saw your mother collapse from the fear.
That I was alive and you were just sold.
But none of them understand how love is bold
And that our story is yet to be told."
“I thought I lost you,” he verily shouted.
Tears of relief his eyes freely spouted.
They held each other like gravity’s moon
She smelled his fragrance and willingly swooned
“I landed last week on San Domingue
“Found you’d been sold, immediately took wing
“We discovered your route, hastened our pace
“We knew that Long sought this ever wild place
"He wanted to reunite with his horde.
“With speedy ships and the tip of a sword
“He’s enriched his men and made himself Lord.”

He saw our flags coming toward the cape.
Knew he was trapped and made his escape"
Left the battle to his men, some are now dead
But more than that, what I most dread
Is how you were treated, what did you endure?
My mind is a fever until I am sure.
That he took care not to harm you.
According to De Graff he would try to charm you."
"Fear not my love, though time ran thin
Had you not come there would have been a mortal sin
For a blade would have stopped his black heart within."

He caressed her face with the deepest emotion
"And now my love our only foe is the ocean.
But as to our affairs we must take great care
Surrounded we are by men until we're there."
As if on cue, De Graff entered the room.
He bowed ever graciously, "We must sail soon!"
"Lanmè this man is whom we owe gratitude
His is the truer of a pirate's attitude."
"My lady," said he, a greeting she'd never heard.
"I promise to take you safely, I give you my word.
"But I must warn, that Long will not be deterred."

"Then damn him and let him come my way."
Antoine grew flushed, Lanmè now had her say.
"Monsieur De Graff, you are the answer to our prayers.
"And I do appreciate your concern in our affairs.
"Keenly aware am I of our precarious situation.
"As well as Antoine's precious reputation.
But we have together weathered many unkind storms."
De Graff smiled, "Your love, this pirate's heart warms.
My ship Le Francois will follow you West
Guiding you through waters we know best."
Departing with a bow, said "Now go get some rest."


Continued Antoine, "So my love you'll stay below
"While I guide our ship, ever you know
"That soon as the sun sets I'll be at your side
"And keep you well-fed my beautiful bride."
She smiled then and moved his hands to her hips
Said, "There is one more who sails on these ships."
Antoine furrowed his brow and shouted with pride.
But seeing him anxious, she held him and cried,
"If we are together there's nothing too hard
You'll do what you must, now go set the yard.
And know that your woman will child and life guard."

A Young Man Holding a Staff
1640 Pieter Claesz Soutman
Dutch, 1580 – 1657
"But when did this, how did this miracle occur?"
"My dearest, the details, to which you refer.
"Should be seared to your memory of our sacred recline.
"Unless your mind is in a serious decline.
"Five and more months since we were together.
"Now the fruit of my womb will keep us more tethered.
"For now it is small but soon will be showing
"By the time we reach the shore, I'll be ever growing."
He laughed with amazement, as the truth now sunk in
"There's so much emotion roiling within
We'd better get married soon, not living in sin."

Then Antoine got down on one knee
Holding out a ring of fine filigree.
“This gold ring was made just for you
“Across the oceans with dreams of us two
“Not a day passed where I didn’t find
“Myself in a daze, you on my mind
“There I learned to save one’s self
“Is to devote the same to someone else.
“Please say yes to a future together
“Sharing lives in good or bad weather
“Feeling yet freed by tying this tether.”


Her heart filled with joy, and apprehension
As if she’d entered some new dimension
Yet in his eyes she felt such a calm
His hands soothed hers, a warming balm
“Yes, I’ll have you always to hold
“A man so brave and so wonderfully bold
“We’ll find new worlds and new life
“You my north star, me your wife
He rose, his eyes sparkling with tears
And said, “I’ll love you through all the years.
And protect you forever from all your fears.”


When he'd brought her to his ship, Le Marin
And secreted her below, safely tucked in.
Antoine held her face in both of his hands.
Said, "Now we make for unexplored lands.
"Lanmè we are bound for our next adventure
"These ships we are on, we're part of their venture
“We sail onward now, to Destiny’s shore
“A small flotilla of ships, counting four
“We aim to create a new homeland
“Along a coast of rumored white sand
“And there we shall make our permanent stand.“

"But we must now deal with things prejudicial
"In order to maintain my place as official
"Our secret love must remain in the hold
"For our captain Iberville, though quite bold
"Believes this voyage is only for men.
And for your protection, you'll stay well within.
His brother Bienville, knows you are here
And has promised our shared secret to revere.
He well understands the dangers inherent
That some men's ways can be quite abhorent
And envious passions could arise, that's apparent."
Just then Bienville burst into the room
Pardon moi, madame, I need the groom!
“Batten the hatches, point compass anew
“We’ll catch LaSalle’s ghost ’fore we’re through!"
Antoine kissed Lanmè and followed him out
Bienville said, "I'm happy to see you old lout!"
Bienville brought Antoine onto the deck
Demanded the crew to crane a close neck
"This is the best noble seaman alive!
“He'll help make our infant colony thrive.”
“He knows how the stars show where we’ll arrive.”
As Antoine stood at the helm of the ship
Cheers greeted him, from all sailors' lips
His authority confirmed by Bienville's support
He said, "I will now give our mission's report.
“We’re colonists all, sent by the King
“To make a new place, French anthems to sing
"And much that we'll see is 'til now unknown
"Yet one day soon, you'll have land of your own!
“As founders of cities as yet undreamed
“Peopled by souls whose whole destiny seemed
“Lost before won, never to be redeemed.”
“My life and now yours will start anew
“We’ll decide together what we should do
“We’ve joined the bravest souls there be
“Fighting the British on land and sea
“Iberville captains our newly bound fleet
“With his brother Bienville directing the sheet.
“We sail for new lands arrayed down south
“Hoping to find a lost river’s mouth
“There we’ll help create a new land
“Naming the places, lending a strong hand
“Living our lives just as we planned.”
The cheers and shouts of eau de vie!
The smiles of each man, Antoine could see
Their honest hopes and earnest dreams
Yet he was not quite who he seems.
A mask he wore of authority
To hide the rank anxiety
A woman hid, a past untold
How could he so many secrets hold?
Then Bienville’s hand was on his shoulder
His raffish grin made Antoine bolder
Giving youthful strength to a man grown older.

Crossing and Celebration

Shipping in a Calm at Flushing with a States General Yacht Firing a Salute, 1649 Jan van de Cappelle (Dutch, 1626 – 1679)
All were mustered to the flagship Le Badine
Or ‘The Switch’ in English, meant to mean
The captain struck with a master's swing
Without which would disaster bring.
Salutes and pomp, the Recollect’s blessing
Before the badinage undressing
Because we know the sailors all
Knew their venture could easily fall.
And though they surely loved the seas
Their fates were in the hands of these:
Whose maps were dead mens’ fantasies.



Iberville nodded, "We're sure to succeed!
For this man Sauvole is the best sailor I've seen!"
Iberville thus spoken, this captain of men
Antoine demured, for he knew that then,
They had more important duties to mind
Like getting out maps, hoping to find
Hidden lost bays and islands to land
Searching for a river unmarked by sand
La Salle lost his life hoping to return.
Now the captain’s oil would steadily burn
Watching the bow and pacing the stern.


The ships set sails and aimed northwest
The winds took them steady without any rest
On through the Gulf the ships laden low
Filled with the colonists, anxious to show
A readiness for life in the New World
To see the French flag duly unfurled
As battles waged far across the oceans
And kings and emperors took their notions
Of conquest and wealth and rank competition
To secure for them some large partition
Of world history’s ever violent rendition.
Our flotilla of renown is worthy to name
So there's understanding of our larger game
Iberville captained the flag ship Le Badine
Joined by Bienville and French Marines
Next was Sauvole aboard Le Marin
Supported by Le Precieux and Le Biscayenne
The four were guarded by the guns of Le Francois
Carrying De Graff, worthy of a memoir.
Below decks on each were many an homme
Whose presence meant each were eager to roam.
Except for Lanmè, a long way from home.


As they sailed the two lovers grew
Strong in love, but her apprehensions renewed.
"What’s our fate, who will we be?
An unknown couple from across the sea?"
"We have the chance to remake life
"Me as your husband, you as my wife.
"Don't worry, Bienville knows our ruse
"But has forsworn to bury this news."
And while I do not want to be coy
Though a daughter would bring such great joy,
Jean-Baptiste he'll be named if it's a boy.


They kissed and she began to hum
And dance around the dreams to come
"I know that we will be so grand
When e're we find this good new land
And build a house so strong and tall
And send invites to one and all.
There will be lords and ladies there
In beautiful dresses, and fancy hair
Hosting parties and nightly fine dances
Orchestras playing music that wholly entrances
Sumptuous tables of food that life enhances!”


She laughed aloud with sheer delight
She held him close with all her might
“You have concerns what I can handle.
"Trust me you can’t hold a candle,
"To what this woman you have chosen
"Can do, why much more than a bos’n
"Keeping our course but straight and true
"All while standing watch right over you
"And on that day when we have a child
"You’ll see how lovely I’ll be styled
"Swabbing the decks, not meek and mild.”

The night they married, two hands joined
To celebrate their lives thus enjoined
Father Anastasius gave the warmest of blessings
Sworn to the secrecy through their earnest confessings
A ring for Antoine, Bienville had made of brass
Lanmè gave it, with their hands clasped
They made their promises to each one
That now their lives had just begun
As the setting sun bade them 'cross the sea
Lanmè dreamed as a mother-to-be
And knew that soon the two would be three.

Fire and Bones



The night of their wedding the two then remained
The windy deck afforded some moments obtained.
Lanmè thus wondered at the world of so much more
Casting her eyes along the new distant shore
When murmurs of wonder ran through the crew
Who sighted the coasts as they passed through
Along the dark coast appeared luminous flames
As if devils and angels were playing at games
All through the evening, they watched the strange lights
On luminescent waves, such wondrous sights
Even the stars seemed to light up the nights.





When the ships arrived at Pensacola Bay             
A Spanish fort showed they held sway
Hailed with cannon fire, flags of rights
A landing impossible with coming night
These worlds were at war across the oceans
Regardless of more human notions.
Lanmè had joined with Antoine on deck
Breathing the air while craning the neck
To see this New World where they hoped to land
But they were seen but did not see, hidden on the sand
A familiar face, quite out of place, making a new plan.
Benjamin Long had shadowed the fleet
Hoping the they would once again meet
He saw opportunity in preventing the French
From finding safe harbor where they could entrench
Acting as a flagged British privateer
He worked with the Spanish to expand their frontier
Already he'd sent messages to the English royals
Letting them know he yet remained loyal
And that if given Naval support
He could cause the French plans to abort
And create a British-owned Gulf port.


The English had allied with Spanish might
To slow the French colonial fight
The world was shifting and pulling at tethers
Driven in part by years of cold weather
The Treaty of Ryswick recently signed
Made France a victor, though much maligned
As envy of kings in England and Spain
Faded in the shadows of the Sun King's long reign
Yet here on this faraway untrammeled beach
Antoine and Lanmè and all wished to reach
Some solid ground, their prayers beseeched.


Among the solemn soldiers, Long nervously shifted
His eyes upon the ships as they slowly drifted
There was a moment of pause guns to guns
Long knew the French the more capable ones
The cannons on board, Iberville in command
Ships full of French marines, all looking to land
This meager Spanish fort, so recently built and staffed.
Behind a flag weakly waving, and here comes De Graff!
But aboard Le Badine, Iberville had to stand down
His orders were to not engage on any Spanish ground.
Instead he ordered his lieutenants to take a further sound. 
As this story tells of history's sweep
And our characters cross the Gulfstream deep
I must take this moment to share some background
To explain why Benjamin Long is still around
Antoine's father had quite a long reach
And his jealous hand was here on the beach
His efforts to thwart his son's separate dreams
Involved the enactment of devious schemes
And thus he sent Long after the pair
"I'll pay a full price, how much I don't care
"To find him again, no matter the where!"

"If you want the slave girl, be my guest
"What I want for my son is what's best
"He'll return to San Domingue and take his place
"As heir to a fortune built for his race
"If captured she is and taken away
"He'll have no reason to suffer and stay."
Long, for his part, sought higher station
The money was good but he craved reputation.
Though both their cold hearts denied warm emotion.
What neither men knew was De Graff's devotion
And now he guided Antoine's trip 'cross the ocean.
Their hopes on the winds, their faith in their God
Their goal was to find some solid land to trod
With De Graff’s aid, the ships soon found
A calm and blue seaworthy sound
But when they stepped onto an isle
They found human bones in a pile
Ile du Massacre”* named under the breath
And on they sailed, away from death
Iberville heard the weary sailors swoon
The long voyage needed to end soon
The piper called to hear the tune.
     *Now called Dauphin Island

Soundings and Landings



Knowing this land infinitely vast
As Iberville knew from his recent past
He must find Natives with common desires
To aid his search he'd need friendly fires
With Sauvole and Bienville in tow
They explored the coast enough to show
Their purpose was the friendly sort
That shows of force were shows of sport
At first they only caught brief sightings
Knowing their presence had to be frightening
The thunder of their guns spitting out lightning.

These they knew were occupied lands
They had long heard of Indian bands
Their village fires burned, their footprints abounded
The colonists knew that the natives surrounded
Iberville and Bienville knew to be known
As friend but foe if caught alone
They’d grown as children of New France
Their father had taught them Algonquin dance
How to make peace before a war
How to show plenty, ask for more
How to live on another’s unwilling shore.


That February of sixteen ninety nine
The ships sailed in, hoping to find
Safe harbors from which they could explore
The bays and rivers and bayous galore
The islands that ranged along the coast
Sounding the depths, noting the most
Meanwhile, Sauvole, while helping the mission
Tended Lanmè in her precarious condition
Her belly was growing with each passing day
De Graff sent a message that he couldn't long stay.
Sauvole prayed that God would soon show the way.

Then Iberville saw fires two leagues to the north
With Bienville and the priest the party rowed forth
Accompanied by an Indian guide brought from New France
They landed their boats, taking great chance
They soon encountered Biloxi tribesmen unscared
But Iberville had never gone anywhere unprepared
He brought some gifts of trinkets and tools
Careful not to treat the sauvages as fools
The Biloxi returned the gifts of largesse
With baskets of food and words of finesse
Trading three of their own for Bienville as guest.

As Bienville powwowed and planned their big trip
Iberville took the Indians for a ride on their ship
When all were gathered back on the shore
They passed the peace pipe and promised much more.
The Biloxi would go out to hunt some wild beasts
And bring them back for an honoring feast.
The Spanish, they said, were not at all friends
And they'd help the French achieve their ends
"We are allied with Tangiboa and Oumas
But we are at war with the rank Quinnipissas!
And we'll happily feed you if you will then help us."



Such were the deals made all cross this land
By rubbing of bellies and shaking of hands
By smoking the calumets, showing respect
Learning the native tongues, one could expect
To find the routes opened and friendly receptions
All the while looking for subtle deceptions
Yet this was a moment of consummate joy
Not the time to be evasive or coy
And so while they waited for the feast to begin
Iberville dined on Sauvole's ship Le Marin
And laid out the rest of the colonists' plan.

"The Biloxi will help us find La Salle's traces
"And the mighty great river and other tribal faces
"They'll take us as far as the tough Bayougoulas
"But nearer to us are the peaceful Pascagoulas
"Sauvole you now know the means to our ends
"So find these good sauvages, make them good friends
"Meanwhile I'll feast with the chiefs of the nations
"And increase the dwindling stores of our rations."
Sauvole now saw the result of his prayers
As soon as he could he rushed down the stairs
To hold his sweet Lanmè and tend her cares.

Meanwhile Iberville awaited the feast
Held up by bad weather coming in from the East
Sauvole, with a guide, brought Lanmè to shore
And built a strong tent with food for her store
His guide spoke with the chief Pascagoula
And said in their language, she would soon hallah hacha*
Several of the women arrived quite uncertain
But Lanmè, defiant, pulled down the curtain
Sauvole was distraught, he wiped a lone tear.
But Lanmè stayed strong, "We cannot show fear.
This baby will wait until you're back here."
       *Native patois for "Give birth"

Travels and Travails

And so it was thus, that our tale arrives
Among these few settlers, though some will survive
Arranged as they were, now on the shore
Bienville and Sauvole went off to find more
Places to land, land to become places
And search for the river, for La Salle’s lost traces
Though game for the hunt, Savole was bereft
As Lanmè bewailed this moment to be left
For their love and marriage and grand reception
Though shadowed by their necessary deception
Had resulted in her obvious conception.
Eight or so months since their romantic bliss
She knew now the meaning of love’s deepest kiss
A mother-to-be she had to find powers
To allow her to work in equal hours
Yet carry the burden of bringing a child
To this New World that still was so wild
She and Sauvole had worked all alone
To turn a small tent into a home
But now she knew he had to depart
A man on a mission, who carried her heart
The sooner his return required the sooner he start.

“I’ll only be days,” He promised her then
“I cannot say for sure exactly when.”
“Just safely come back,” she pleaded from shore
As the small boat rowed out to the moor.
Bravely, she turned and gathered herself
Returned to their hovel and built a small shelf
Upon it she placed their few meager things
A cup and some cutlery, then suddenly a twinge
She felt for the baby so quiet of late
The kicking and churning had begun to abate
She sang a song softly and settled to wait.



Meanwhile, though, fate made other plans
Benjamin Long had published the banns*
He was determined to own whom he'd bought
And so he followed and doggedly sought
The French-flagged ships that carried his prize.
He'd seen her himself with his own eyes,
While hiding out in the Spanish fort
To which he'd brought a privileged report
To help them repel this French invasion
And ally himself with the Spanish nation
To win again a valued reputation.
   *Banns: Official declarations of marriage

Contact with the Biloxi natives completed
De Graff and his ship were no longer needed.
He rued the return to San Domingue
Leaving his charges while still wondering
If they would survive this wild wooded land
For once in his life he prayed for God’s hand
Le Francois sailed off, hugging the coast
Eyeing the Spanish fort, a daring good boast
But as they sped freely and quickly past
They’d been captured by Ben Long’s spy glass
Who thought ‘Now’s a time to capture this lass.’

Long was ready to make good his boast
He sailed in secret along the coast
Keeping well a cautious distance
Waiting for a proper instance
And when he saw them disembark
Watching through a spyglass dark
He bided time as evil can
When residing in the heart of man.
And so his patience found reward
And agéd hand gripped angry sword
When Iberville's ships rowed westward.

Exploring and Escape



De Graff now gone and Lanmè well hid
Sauvole joined the rest as Iberville bid
"We'll take two feluccas and forty-one men
Joined with Biloxi guides, find this river again."
They sailed for the river's coast some leagues away
Tortured by storms they soon found their way
Navigating small islands and directions by compass
Passed by an island chain they named Candlemas*
And through shallow waters onward they sailed
Battling rough seas, desperately they bailed
Then muddy freshwater showed they hadn't failed!
*Chandeleur Islands


The several ships then fired their guns
As if to shout, "We're the lucky ones!"
At last the mighty old river'd been found
At the mouth where the water was too deep to sound
Iberville commanded the ships to make way
And sail up the stream on this now famous day
The winds gave them help but they'd need some strong oars
To climb against the current their backs would be sore
The prayers for deliverance were never so hallowed
Hoping the hulls had all been well-tallowed
As the land and dark water the flotilla swallowed.
While Iberville's ships found their new way
A drama unfolded for our unwitting Lanmè
The dreaded Ben Long had launched his new plan
Joined with some comrades, all heartless, to a man.
Long knew the colonists stranded with their boats
Gathered round fires, wishing for coats.
Idled they'd be and willing to share
Casual knowledge of a who and a where.
The promise of wealth drove this abduction
His other desires, provided instruction
As he sought a chance to mete her destruction.
Seeing his chances then suddenly improve
Benjamin Long made his bold move
He landed that night among the lower ranks,
Plied them with rum for which they gave thanks.
"I need to find a man named 'Sauvole'
To share secret knowledge to save the man's soul.
'Tis said , he travels with a dark-skinned beauty,
Who's provenance threatens his military duty."
A drunken young sailor who'd helped Sauvole's planning,
Helpfully pointed from where he was standing
Across the small sound to Lanmè's secret landing.
And so Long thought his future found
As he and crew stepped on the ground.
Lanmè realized she was their aim
When late that night a torchlight came
A hand grabbed her mouth preventing a howl
“You’ll always be mine,” came Ben Long’s growl.
“No good to struggle, you’re coming with me
”Your husband has left you, there’s no where to flee."
But Lanmè had all the strength she would need
She knew that this was no time to plead
She bit the hand hard and felt herself freed.
         She leapt to the bed and grabbed up her knife
Acting instinctively to save her own life
The men were not frightened, they showed her their swords
But she wasn’t listening to their laughing words
She lunged at them suddenly, waved the small blade
They flinched and she kicked at the dinner fire made.
A shower of sparks and ashes in air
Choked them as they brushed hot embers from hair
All in the moment she started her dash
Unable to scream from the choking ash.
She ran to the dark, escaping the lash.
She ran through the woods, ran for her life
She ran from the madness, captivity’s strife
The strength in her legs was bolstered by fear
But also with hope that freedom was near
She did not know which direction to take
She only knew she would run without break
Her life was a destiny lived through escape
She felt the hairs rise on the edge of her nape
Eyes wide with intention, the sliver of moon
Gave enough light to find safety soon
But suddenly she felt her whole body swoon.
This moment has now brought us all the way ‘round
To where this tale starts, where in the beginning we found
A woman in trouble while carrying her child
A baby thus born into this wild
Protected by natives, an Indian village
Whose world was about to be sundered by pillage
Whose very existence would be under threat
From sickness and war based on a bet.
And from this grave moment we’ll forget the fright
And remember the child, born on this night
Who arrived in darkness but lived in the Light.

Love and Laughter

More should be told of Ben Long's slim fate
When he left Lanmè in her desperate state.
His fear overcame his hunger for wealth.
He hurried away, concerned for his health.
But he would not forego his evil inventions.
He weighed the values of France's intentions.
Now with the knowledge of Lanmè's location.
He saw some potential in such information.
He'd bide some more time, learn the trade routes.
Shadow the ships and their meager redoubts.
A pirate's instincts were never in doubts.
As for our lovers, let us return 
Knowing that Lanmè never would burn
But saved by her courage, luck and resolve
Ensuring that her baby's new world would evolve.
The brave Pascagoulas who came to her aid
Carried her homeward where she was softly laid.
They returned to the paths that led to her tent
They followed Ben Long as he boarded and went.
They knew that fresh troubles had arrived with the whites
That they'd shoot in the days and hide in the nights.
That they'd ask for help in the midst of their plights.
The natives had dealt with the French and their peers
For many a moon and numerous years
The mouth of the river was a White-borne obsession
For the Indians saw the real world their possession
The mouth of the river was a turbulent spout
Through bays and past islands were friendlier routes
For centuries past they'd plied the coast shallows
Not needing to venture beyond the swamp mallows.
But the ships bringing others needed deep sounds
Bringing their misery and careless bounds
As they sought to live on Indian grounds.
Weep though we may for Indian fates
What was then known of dangerous straits?
That what was coming was a full on invasion,
The French with their ways of business persuasion
Some Indian tribes could be deferential
Some of them could even be reverential
But most were simply taking care of their own
With language and customs belonging to them alone.
And so for the Pascagoula who would become lost
In this sacred moment could not foresee the cost
Of helping a mother and child thus star-crossed.
A Connibo Indian Family 1854/1869 George Catlin American, 1796 – 1872

The question caught her quite unaware
She shrugged and smiled and looked off to stare
But the moment helped steel her inner resolve
When she knew that this was a problem to solve
From that moment on she wondered what then
If her loving mate came to his end
She repeated the words they offered to teach
She looked around then for whatever in reach
Puluska anunachi was the oven nearby
Hair was pashi and nishkin for eye
Ullosi means baby and yaya, his cry.

And so it was that Ti Sainte's first days
Were spent in the care of Indian ways
Lanmè drank the teas that returned her strength
And healed from the unguents applied, 'til at length
She rose from the bed of moss and deerskin
And sat with the women and thus begin
A deep and shared friendship, a kinship of sorts
While the men and boys ran off for sports
They taught her some words to keep in her head
Oka for water, luak for fire, puluska for bread.
They wondered if her husband was living or dead.
Lanmè heard shouts several days after
The village became quiet ceasing all laughter
The baby was sleeping in comfortable bliss
But all around knew there was something amiss
A gunshot rang out, rending the air
Lanmè held the child closer, feeling the scare
But as the voices became bolder and loud
She recognized one that made her feel proud
She paused in her work, face flushed with pride
To see several soldiers with Sauvole by their side
He ran to her and joyfully, thankfully sighed.
"My darling, my love how much I did worry
As soon as I could I returned in a hurry.
The word I received from those left behind
Is that Benjamin Long sought you to find.
Guided he was by an ignorant lout
Who couldn't have known what he was about."
He held her close and realized with dismay
That she was no longer in the family way.
"The baby, my love, tell me all's right
That you were not alone nor birthing at night
That the moment of birth was not full of fright!"
"Well, that I can't say for that it was all,
But tougher than men are who caused the Fall.
Otherwise there would be no more people
And no need for Heaven or a church or a steeple.
For safely have I brought your son into the world
And now for a month have been 'round him curled.
Come with me now and see him yourself
To hold your gold prize that won't fit on a shelf."
Antoine, beside himself, followed her in
The dimly lit thatch hut silenced the din
They gazed on their son, sleeping within.
Diana and Endymion c. 1675/1680 Luca Giordano Neapolitan, 1634 – 1705
Once they were back to their small canvas house
Lanmè looked happily at her weary spouse
But she couldn’t help but notice the tent
Was so much less pleasant than where she had spent
The days since the birth of their little one.
Yet, Sauvole beamed sleepily holding his son.
As she endeavored to clean up the mess
To make up their home and put on a dress
She wondered if life here would be what she dreamed
When she could see just how shabby it seemed
Hoping her faith in the world be redeemed.
Said Antoine, "Lanmè I returned with great haste
Flying down the river, no time to waste
We've discovered the mouth of the mighty Malabouchia
Traveled with the Bayougoula and Mongolacha
We met with the Oumas and spoke to their chiefs
Both sides watching the other as thieves.
My eyes have been opened to the truth of the world
That no country has the only flag unfurled
Frenchmen have traveled here for many a decade
Ever more looking for things to trade
Hoping a rich man's life to be made. "
Then came the laughter that would soon fill their days
A raucous cacophony that left them amazed.
The baby stared at them in their deep weariness
And responded in kind with exuberant cheeriness.
They both couldn't help but laugh right along.
And as if on cue, came an Indian song
Carried in the air from some celebration
Reminding that joy has no limitation.
That one has only to make the bold choice.
That rather than weep, one should rejoice
Into the vast silence send a musical noise!
The Infant Bacchus probably 1505/1510 Giovanni Bellini Venetian, c. 1430/1435 – 1516

End of Part I